immunoglobulin chains
Of the two immunoglobulin chains, H and L, which one has the greater chance of successful initial rearrangement? Why? How does the process of antibody biogenesis seem to take this imbalance into account?...
monoclonal antibodies
You have generated monoclonal antibodies to a protein you are studying, BGP. The process has yielded a set of clones whose specificity is not yet known. How would you determine whether each clonal antibody recognizes a linear or conformational epitope? ...
evolution of viruses by grouping them into clades based on biochemical traits
Researchers often study the evolution of viruses by grouping them into clades based on biochemical traits. Even though viruses are not alive, they can mutate every time they infect a host, so their genetic material changes quickly. What can we infer from this information about a highly...
Reflect on the ethical dilemma organ donation
Reflect on the ethical dilemma organ donation, structure your discussion post as follows: Describe the ethical issue. Make sure it is healthcare or bioscience relevant. Provide at least one web link to a resource that will help your peers consider the topic. State your position...
In albinism (a recessive disorder), the formation of melanin, a dark skin pigment are blocked
In albinism (a recessive disorder), the formation of melanin , a...
You are now a biologist and one of your jobs is to conduct experiments
You are now a biologist and one of your jobs is to conduct experiments. The success of your experiment will rely on your use of the scientific method. You will need an observation, a hypothesis, and a plan to prove or disprove your hypothesis. This...
The heart as a pump
Recall the heart is a pump, and we can relate the chambers' activity to specific phases of the cardiac cycle. Those phases are systole and diastole. When the chambers are NOT contracting/pumping, they are relaxed and filling with blood (diastole). When the chambers are contracting/pumping...
importance of photosynthesis and cellular respiration
The discussion for this week will focus on the importance of the two main topics of this chapter (photosynthesis and cellular respiration) to each other. There is a unique balance between these two energy cycles, and your postings should address something specific that addresses this...
Pesticide/herbicide is Neonicotinoids
my assigned specific pesticide/herbicide is Neonicotinoids Have you ever used a pesticide before? These can be used to kill insects or unwanted plants.  Many times these pesticides/herbicides are enzyme inhibitors that interfere with essential physiology of the insects or plants and many times humans, too. You should...
Explain digestive system in humans and how it works:
anatomy of the digestive system and the importance of digestion in providing nutrients needed for energy and growth (e.g., the body's mechanical and chemical processes digest food, which provides the proteins needed to build muscle, and the fibre, water, vitamins, and minerals needed to regulate...