-70 mV (across membrana) K* 10 mM A- Nat 150 mMt 100 mM mM Cr 120 mM Cel extenior Nernst OR 61 [ion out ion in ion =-log R=ideal gas constant of 8.314 J/mol-K T=absolute temperature in Kelvin (37℃ :310 kelvin, if room temp 20°C = 293K) F-Faraday constant of 96,485 Coulomb/mole of electrons · · charge on the ion (K+1) (number of moles of electrons moved) 61 is the case for mammals (see temp), 58 is the case for squid at room temp Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz y = 61 log PK[K+ ]out + PNa[Na+lout + Pci[CI-]in Vm = 61 log PK(K+ ]in + PNaNa+]in + Palar ]out V.-resting membrane potential at 37℃ (predict change for squid?) Parelative permeability of the membrane to the ion in the subscript tionjn and [ionjout are ion concentrations inside and outside the cell . lon Concentration Concentration Permeability Permeability Coefficient (m/sec) Active Outside Cell (mM) Inside Cell (mM) Coefficient m/sec) Mammal Squid Mammal SquidResting 145 110 20 440 560 10 0.0001 0.0001 0.05 Na Cr Ca 140 10 400 50 60 1.0 0.03 0.1 1.0 15 0.1 0.05 1. Calculate the equilibrium potential for potassium ions for a human cell at rest. a. Calculate the equilibrium potential for potassium ions for a squid cell at rest. 2. Calculate the equilibrium potential for sodium ions for a mammal cell at rest a. Calculate the equilibrium potential for sodium ions for a squid cell at rest. 3. Calculate the equilibrium potentials for chloride ions for a mammal cell at rest. a. Calculate the equilibrium potential for chloride ions for a squid cell at rest. 4. Calculate the equilibrium potentials for calcium ions for a mammal cell at rest. a. Calculate the equilibrium potential for calcium ions for a squid cell at rest.