19 Mar Functional Assessments and Cultural and Diversity Awareness in Health Assessment
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Functional Assessments and Cultural and Diversity Awareness in Health Assessment
According to Ball et al., (2019), achieving cultural competence is a learning process that requires self-awareness, reflective practice, and knowledge of core cultural issues. As healthcare providers, we must consider cultural diversity as a priority. Our growing multicultural world and its disparities in health care have challenged the healthcare providers to take the journey of becoming culturally competent.
CASE STUDY 2 (Group B)
EB is a 68-year-old black female who comes in for a follow-up of hypertension. She has glaucoma and her vision has been worsening during the past few years. She lives alone and is prescribed four hypertension medications (Hydralazine 50 mg PO Q8H, Metoprolol XL 200 mg PO Q12H, Lisinopril 40 mg PO daily, and HCTZ 25mg PO daily). She brings in her medication bottles and she has some medication bottles from the previous year full of medications. She is missing one medication she had been prescribed and says she may have forgotten it at home. Her BP in the clinic today is 182/99 with HR of 84.
Specific Socioeconomic, Spiritual, Lifestyle, and other Cultural Factors
Age, gender, race, ethnic group, and, with these variables, cultural attitudes, regional differences, and socioeconomic status influence the way patients seek medical care and the way clinicians provide care (Ball et al., 20119). EB is an older black female that presents with HTN and is currently taking anti-hypertensives. EB’s blood pressure is elevated, has problems with her vision, and she’s missing one of her medications. For ethnic minority individuals, assessing the social context includes inquiring about stressors and support networks, sense of life control, and literacy (Ball et al., 2019).
Racial and ethnic differences, as well as social and economic conditions, may affect the provision of specific healthcare services to certain groups and subgroups in the United States (Ball et al., 2019). Many African Americans lose trust in the healthcare system due to the fear of not receiving proper health care treatment. Health inequities (disparities) often result from perceptions, expectations, and beliefs held by patients and healthcare providers. For example, ambivalent feelings about healthcare encounters that are perceived as hostile/disrespectful to Black people may increase stress, decrease the number of provider’s recommendations to patients and result in poorly controlled chronic health conditions (Bailey, 2000).
Many inequities in older Black women’s health and well-being may be constructed and filtered through non-clinical influences, such as ethnocultural differences, individual experiences, and beliefs about race/ethnicity (Geiger, 2000). It is imperative to promote cultural competency amongst all health care professionals; this will allow us to identify and address barriers such as distrust. Despite improvements in overall health for most Americans, health disparities continue to disproportionately affect minority populations (United States Department of Human and Health Services, n.d.).
Also, when interacting with Ms. EB, I would formally address her, introduce myself, ensure privacy and confidentiality, and sit with her to establish rapport while making her feel comfortable. Providing more time for questions and feedback is important. Moreover, I would use carefully phrased questions and language that is clear and understandable. I won’t push hard and make the patient feel that what she’s saying isn’t important because she matters.
Target Questions
Do you feel safe at home?
Is there anyone you trust to be involved with your plan of care?
Whom are you seeing about your vision?
What was the last grade completed in school?
Who prepares your meals and what does your meals look like?
Would you like to speak to one of our Social workers?
How often are you taking your medications?
Would you be able to show me which medication is the Lisinopril and so on?
References
Bailey, E.J. (2000). Medical anthropology and African American health. Westport, CT: BergenGarvey
Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2019). Seidel’s guide to physical examination: An interprofessional approach (9th ed.).
St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.
Geiger, H.J., (2000). Understanding and eliminating racial and ethnic disparities in health care-what is known and what needs to be known? Available
from: http://books.nap.edu/openbook/10260/phg/274.png Accessed 3/3/2020
United States Department of Human & Health Services. Office of Minority Health. (n.d.). A physician’s practical guide to culturally competent care.
Retrieved March 03, 2020, from https://cccm.thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/
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