29 Dec What are the best strategies for searching database for a PICO question?
What are the best strategies for searching database for a PICO question?
Searching Databases and Clinical Interest
As a nurse, it has always intrigued me to think about the adult patients I care for that do not know why they take medications or feel that they do not have conditions such as hypertension because they are on an antihypertensive drug. This question of why patients do not understand their health is a real problem, and to find applicable information, we must format clinical interests into an answerable question (Davies, 2011). The topic of health literacy and how to help patients improve their health literacy is significant to me. Understanding the outcomes for those with low health literacy and higher health literacy can help us find ways to improve patient outcomes through education opportunities. Cardiovascular disease in the United States is the leading cause of death, disability, and expense to healthcare costs (Foy & Mandrola, 2018. I am searching databases for articles relevant to cardiovascular disease and health literacy as my clinical interest.
Results of Database Search
To start searching for peer-reviewed articles, I searched cardiovascular disease health literacy on the ScienceDirect database. At this point, 6,506 results came up with articles related to these keywords with the first utilized database. Using the Boolean operator AND in my second search did not change the number of results found with my keywords. I added the keyword adult to my inquiry on my third modified search, changing it to cardiovascular disease AND ADULT health literacy, which refined my results to 4,614. For my last Boolean operator and keyword addition, I added AND OUTCOMES to the end to produce my final search, cardiovascular disease, and adult health literacy and outcomes, which refined my search once again to 3,984.
Strategies to Improve Database Search Effectiveness
When searching on my PICO(T) question, I can increase the rigor and effectiveness of the database in use by using controlled vocabulary to be more specific in my search along with Boolean operators (Stilwell, Fineout-Overholt, Melnyk, Mazurek, & Williamson, 2010). Using controlled vocabulary and Boolean operators can refine my result number and narrow down articles to help promptly conduct my search (Stilwell, Fineout-Overholt, Melnyk, Mazurek, & Williamson, 2010). For example, I significantly reduced my search results to articles specific to my clinical interest when I added more keywords to my search and Boolean operators.
Additionally, I plan on utilizing more than one database when searching for articles. This technique is new to me and appreciated because I did not realize how much more access to other articles you have this way. Previously, I only used one or two databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, significantly limiting my searchers throughout the past. Stilwell, Fineout-Overholt, Melnyk, Mazurek, & Williamson (2010) shared that each database utilized its own specific controlled vocabulary and limits, so it is very beneficial to use more than one database during our article searches.
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