Author, year; Credentials Article #1

“Vera Y. Men, Clifton R. Emery, Paul S. F. Yip( 2021)”

Published in wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pon

Article Focus/Title

“Characteristics of cancer patients who died by suicide”

Research Design/Intervention (describe intervention)

Cross-sectional study : No intervention

Level of Evidence and model used to grade evidence

“Level IV : Johns Hopkins”. Johns Hopkins Model is a problem-solving tool for clinical decision making.

Evaluation Tool (CASP or others- identify tool used)

“JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, 8/8”.

Sample/# of subjects, how recruited, power analysis?

Using data from the past records, researchers were able to count 14,446 suicides that occurred between 2003 and 2017. Based on the reported medical histories, the cases were classified according to whether or not they had cancer. 1,461 (10.1%) of the 14,446 people who committed suicide had a prior diagnosis of cancer.

Data Collection Procedure

Past records were utilized. Using data from the Coroner's Court, researchers in Hong Kong were able to count 14,446 suicides that occurred between 2003 and 2017. Based on the reported medical histories, the cases were classified according to whether or not they had cancer. Socioeconomic characteristics and in-depth accounts of the suicide incident were among the data culled from the reports.

Instruments and

Reliability/validity

of instruments

The coroner's Court's report was used as the data collection instrument.

Data Analysis- id statistics, LOM, findings

Comparisons of features between the two groups were analyzed using univariate analyses, as well as overall and subgroup multiple logistic regressions. The threshold of statistical significance was 0.05

Results

The outcome indicated that the patients diagnosed with cancer are highly likelihood to occur to those in a committed relationship as compared to those in single status, and a significantly higher likelihood of being retired. Among people with cancer who committed suicide, most of the people decided to commit suicide by jumping in high heights where 54.3% was recorded. On the other hand, there are those that used the hanging method and the data recorded was 27.6% and finally the use of toxicities approach like carbon monoxide poisoning (6.6%). Oncology patients are likely to employ very lethal violent tactics, greater probability to discuss their suicide intentions prior executing on them, less prone to suffer severe psychiatric illnesses, and much more likely to have one maybe more medical issues besides cancer.

Discussion/

Significance of findings

We found that suicides caused by cancer in Hong Kong differ from those caused by other diseases, and that these differences increase with the patient's age. Patients with cancer who are elderly, more likely to commit suicide with violence, more likely to seek care for suicidal ideation, and less prone to have cognitive and emotional problems. More research on the causes of cancer patient suicide is needed to improve the quality of life for people who are afflicted with the disease.

Reliability and Validity of study, limitations

Since there is little room for data misclassification, the dataset has high validity. Suicide rates in Hong Kong have fluctuated over the past 15 years, and these oscillations may be accurately depicted thanks to the large sample size provided by the 15-year timeframe. The study has certain caveats, such as the lack of complete information in the Coroner's Court reports because of factors including unknown information or unavailability of family members to submit it. A further issue is that there is little data on cancer patients' individual medical histories. For most patients, basic information like cancer kind, stage, and date of diagnosis did not exist.

Helpful/Reliable

Compared to other articles

Superior in utility, precision, and reliability, with results that hold up under statistical scrutiny. Simple, digestible, and comprehensive findings summary. This is the only article I am aware of that examines cancer-related suicide rates explicitly in comparison to those of other diseases prevalent in the Asian community.

Author, year; Credentials Article #1

“Laika D. Aguinaldo, Shayla Sullivant, Elizabeth C. Lanzillo, Abigail Ross, Jian-Ping He, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Jeffrey A. Bridge, Lisa M. Horowitz, Elizabeth A. Wharff (2020)”

Published in General Hospital Psychiatry

Article Focus/Title

“Validation of the ask suicide-screening questions (ASQ) with youth in outpatient specialty and primary care clinics"

Research Design/Intervention (describe intervention)

“Cross-sectional study: Nonintervention”

Level of Evidence and model used to grade evidence

“Level IV: Johns Hopkins”. Johns Hopkins model is a problem-solving approach to clinical decision making.

Evaluation Tool (CASP or others- identify tool used)

“JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, 8/8”.

Sample/# of subjects, how recruited, power analysis?

The sample consisted of 515 young people (ages 10-21) who spoke English and used it to communicate with clinic staff in primary and specialized care outpatient clinics. In total, 918 patients were selected during the research; 827 were found to be eligible for participation, and 525 were informed and their permission sourced to take part. 7 patients that were completely engaged in the study after getting their permission participated in the outpatient specialty or primary care appointment but did not complete the study interview for personal reasons were also not included in the analyses. Three subjects were not included due to RA mistake in performing the research survey or RED Cap data collection. The remaining 515 patients were also included.

Data Collection Procedure

Questionnaires were administered.

Instruments and

Reliability/validity

of instruments

”The SIQ/SIQ Jr. and the ASQ were used, the SIQ/SIQ Jr. has demonstrated high reliability (SIQ: r = 0.97; SIQ-JR: r =0.94), validity, and predictive ability [10,12] using the standard criterion of the Suicidal Behavior Interview, a semi-structured clinical interview that assesses current and past suicidal behavior” (LeCloux et al., 2020).

Data Analysis- id statistics, LOM, findings

Associations between ASQ-detected suicide risks (i.e., heightened risk present or absent) and demographic, clinical, and other variables (i.e., age, sex, race/ethnicity, and insurance status) were analyzed using multivariate binary logistic regression modeling. ace status, and site) entered into the model simultaneously. Adjusted odds ratios were the exponentiated values of multivariate logistic regression coefficients. The statistical significance level was p =0.05.

Results

Out of 335 participants, 45 (13.4%) were found to have suicidal thoughts after taking the ASQ. Acute positive screens were found in only four individuals (1.2 percent of the total sample) who tested positive on the ASQ. “In outpatient specialty clinics, the ASQ had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 80.5%-100.0%), a specificity of 91.2% (95% CI: 87.5-94.1%), and a negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI: 98.7-100.0)” (LeCloux et al., 2020). “When comparing those at risk of suicide to those who were not, a positive screen on the ASQ was 11.4 times more likely to be noticed in the former group (95% CI, 8.0-16.2).” (LeCloux et al., 2020). There was substantial concordance between the SIQ/SIQ Jr. and the 4-item ASQ screen (AUC = 95.6%) when assessing suicide risk”.

Discussion/

Significance of findings

When compared to the gold standard SIQ/SIQ Jr., the ASQ appears to be a reliable instrument for use in identifying patients at increased suicide risk in pediatric outpatient specialty or primary care clinics. The results of this research corroborated the previous conclusion that the ASQ has adequate content validity. To aid physicians in determining which patients need further diagnostic workup, the ASQ was developed as a primary screening tool.

Reliability and Validity of study, limitations

There is little reason to doubt the accuracy of the numbers. This is owing to the fact that primary care and specialized pediatric settings are using the ASQ to identify children at risk of suicide. One of the study's limitations is that our convenience sample may not be representative of the general youthful population in regular outpatient settings. It's possible that patients' suicide risk screening results changed because they took part in the study (i.e., before or after their clinic appointment in outpatient specialty care). The constant probing about suicide ideation may have worn people down.

Helpful/Reliable

Compared to other articles

Helpful; however, the authors should have expanded their scope to include primary and specialized care clinics in addition to urban tertiary care facilities.

Author, year; Credentials Article #1

"

Loiuse M. Farrer, Amelia Gulliver, Natasha Katruss, Kylie Bennett, Anthony Bennett, Kathina Ali† and Kathleen M. Griffiths (2020)."

Published in the British Journal of Guidance and Counseling

Article Focus/Title

“Development of the Uni Virtual Clinic: an online program for improving the mental health of university students”

Research Design/Intervention (describe intervention)

Participatory research design .Students who were traditionally underserved or socially isolated at their universities benefited from the adoption of evidence-based online interventions that helped lessen the strain on university resources.

Level of Evidence and model used to grade evidence

“Level I: Johns Hopkins"(Dearholt et al., 2012), is a tool that facilitates critical appraisal of evidence.

Evaluation Tool (CASP or others- identify tool used)

CASP, Critical Appraisal Skills Programme is a tool used for quality appraisal , in health-related qualitative synthesis.

Sample/# of subjects, how recruited, power analysis?

“Twenty people took part in three prototype testing sessions, a student leadership group workshop, and an evaluation of the pilot UVC.”

Data Collection Procedure

Information was gathered previously through qualitative research and quantitative research.

Instruments and

Reliability/validity

of instruments

Surveys and focus groups were used. Focus groups are reliable since they allow the researcher to collect detailed information and get the true customer opinion on product, beliefs, and perceptions. Surveys producing similar consistent results shows their reliability.

Data Analysis- id statistics, LOM, findings

All data obtained was documented in percentages.

Results

The majority of respondents (M = 0.96, SD = 0.24) agreed with the statement that attitudes toward participation were generally favorable, with all 19 positive items having average values over zero, indicating agreement. “Each of the 13 negative items received average ratings below 0, indicating disagreement M = −1.50, SD = 0.46; ranging from −1.05 for “confused” to −1.70 for “useless”. “Adjectives that received the highest average scores indicating strongest agreement were valued M = 1.35, SD = 0.49, safe M = 1.30, SD = 0.57, helpful M = 1.20, SD = 0.41, involved M = 1.20, SD = 0.41, respected M = 1.15, SD = 0.37, and glad M = 1.15, SD = 0.67.”

Discussion/

Significance of findings

For the UVC to be developed in accordance with the needs of its intended audience, participatory design was essential. By lowering the rate of occurrence of mental disorders in high-risk youth and thereby preventing the negative attributes that accompany these conditions, UVC can help establish universities that are mentally healthy places to learn and live.

Reliability and Validity of study, limitations

By including students in the design process, the team was better able to account for students' evolving requirements, the evolving nature of universities, and the ever-evolving nature of web design and development techniques for e-mental health service. The research had certain limitations, such as the fact that involving end users in the design and development process takes a lot of time and energy, which in turn increased the total amount of time needed for content production and website development. It was difficult to achieve harmony in the final program due to frequent conflicts over UVC content and functioning.

Helpful/Reliable

Compared to other articles

Helpful and reliable. All of the study's outcomes were easy to understand and interpret. .

Author, year; Credentials Article #1

“Mary A. LeCloux, Ph.D., Mathew Weimer, M.D., Stacey L. Culp, Ph.D., Karissa Bjorkgren, B.S., Samantha Service, M.S., John V. Campo, M.D. (2020). Published by Elsevier Inc.”

Article Focus/Title

“The Feasibility and Impact of a Suicide Risk Screening Program in Rural Adult Primary Care.”

Research Design/Intervention (describe intervention)

Quasi experiment research design. Intervention was used where primary care patients were invited to participate in a “research study about suicide.

Level of Evidence and model used to grade evidence

“Level I: Johns Hopkins" (Dearholt et al., 2012), is a tool that facilitates critical appraisal of evidence.

Evaluation Tool (CASP or others- identify tool used)

BSSA. The Brief Suicide Safety Assessment guide, is useful in assessing the risk of suicidal behaviors in a patient.

Sample/# of subjects, how recruited, power analysis?

The baseline sample included 274 patients. Data was taken from the EMR by a doctor, for patients who had been provided usual care by the PCP.

Data Collection Procedure

Ask Suicide-Screening Questions was used to electronically screen patients attending for routine and sick visits for suicide risk; patients who screened positive were further evaluated using the same technique. Rapid Risk Assessment for Suicide.

Instruments and

Reliability/validity

of instruments

“Questionnaires in the form of Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) were used”. The elderly reliability and validity in the impatient research was demonstrated in the ASQ's reliability.

Data Analysis- id statistics, LOM, findings

SPSS 26 was used to upload all data and analyze them. To assess the three indicators of viability, descriptive statistics were calculated. The client testing and suicide risk assessment process rates were compared between the two phases using a chi-square methodology with Fisher's exact test.

Results

“Screening for suicide risk was more likely to be reported throughout the intervention period (61%) compared to the baseline period 5%; X2 = 200.6, P, 0.001” (Lindstron, 2021). “In addition, 6.2% of cases during the intervention phase exhibited suicide risk, while this was only the case in 0.7% of cases during the baseline phase X2 = 12.58, P, 0.001” (Lindstron, 2021)

Discussion/

Significance of findings

This pilot research findings suggest the ASQ and BSSA are useful tools for identifying rural adults at risk of suicide, receiving primary care. Suicide risk screening programs to patients in a rural primary care are amenable and deserve further study.

Reliability and Validity of study, limitations

Research validity and reliability are ensured by the use of the “ASQ Toolkit,” which has been shown to promote risk identification rates in adult patients receiving primary care. The study was limited by the fact that it was a pilot project, and the participants were all from the same racial background and were seen by the same primary care physician in a remote rural setting. In addition, because this was a 2-stage study, there were also some changes between the two phases of the intervention.

Helpful/Reliable

Compared to other articles

“The study is reliable since these findings are consistent with findings from other empirical studies that suicide risk screening is feasible and acceptable to most patients, including those in inpatient adult medical units, pediatric emergency rooms, and urban adult primary care.” (Lindstron, 2021).

Author, year; Credentials Article #1

“Anne C. Lindstrom, Melinda Earle (2021) . Published in the Journal of Doctoral Nursing Practice.”

Article Focus/Title

“Improving Suicidal Ideation Screening and Suicide Prevention Strategies on Adult No behavioral Health Units”

Research Design/Intervention (describe intervention)

Randomised control trial. “Targeted intervention was needed to improve identification and safety of suicidal patients, otherwise unable to speak.”

Level of Evidence and model used to grade evidence

“Level I: Johns Hopkins" ( Dearholt et al., 2012), is a tool that facilitat

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