29 Jan Instructions Make sure to work through the notebooks in the Reading Assignment first.? This homework is not related to Simulations directly. The goal is to make sure you

{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "nMzWtAd2b5SM" }, "source": [ "## Week 2 HW — Python Crash Course" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "ZuBXh_bFNWrR" }, "source": [ "#### **Step 1: Rename the Notebook!!!**n", "First, rename this notebook to **HW2_LastName_FirstName.ipynb** using your name. You will have to submit this file to me via Western Online, once you've completed the HW.n", "n", "You will have to compete the tasks outlined in each problem in the provided space.n", "n", "Don't forget to save your work." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "4sdZgMJiOJ2w" }, "source": [ "#### **How to submit it**n", "Once you've completed the HW, make sure to save the notebook (don't forget to rename it).n", "n", "Then, submit your **.ipynb** file to me as an attachment. n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "Efhsx5FVOty1" }, "source": [ "—n", "—n", "**Step 2: Complete each of the problems below.**n", "n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "pCGYcRpqLytI" }, "source": [ "—" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "NA5SOqo7dVTY" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 1:** n", "Write a function **`first_4_chars()`** that would take a string as an input and return the string consisting of the the first 4 characters of the input string. If the string is shorter than 4 characters long, just return the string as is. Assume that the input is a string, no need to check it. _Hint:_ use slicing. " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "zu9M4EMuL5Al" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "***Your code goes here***: " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "hdfOv-Jvnf5h" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "#Function definition:n", "#…" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "nkNOcjqLnomT", "outputId": "15428aa8-4696-4505-f64a-7b6303315e90" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "'Hand'" ] }, "execution_count": 35, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "first_4_chars('Handsome')" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "InxDIhwZo4dD", "outputId": "e02b32c9-7169-44eb-97c0-fb0c45585bdc" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "'Univ'" ] }, "execution_count": 40, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "first_4_chars('University')" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "nkNOcjqLnomT", "outputId": "15428aa8-4696-4505-f64a-7b6303315e90" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "'Uni'" ] }, "execution_count": 2, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "first_4_chars('Uni')" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "qIQ3W5Mdo9vR" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 2:** n", "Write a function **`last_n_chars()`** that would take a string and a positive integer `n` as an input, and return the string consisting of the the last `n` characters of the input string. " ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "fjlhmbQrL74O" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "***Your code goes here***: " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "nPO5-SBMo6vx" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "#Function definition:n", "#…" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "R2GPOS5mqYPi", "outputId": "6de9b461-972b-4387-dbc9-e8ecd29be9a5" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "'ity'" ] }, "execution_count": 74, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "last_n_chars("University", 3)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "b6FNBsu4qu9x", "outputId": "8403dbeb-b975-4695-995a-5132359de18c" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "'versity'" ] }, "execution_count": 75, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "last_n_chars("University", 7)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "LWuIiwqau7fh" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 3:** n", "Write a function **`print_even_ind()`** that would take a *list* as an input, and print only *even indexed* elements of that list. Print them all on the same line." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "uXG5uf52MCKu" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "***Your code goes here***: " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "pvpR10efveRS" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "#Function definition:n", "#…" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "OGYwa_OUvsah", "outputId": "acd2d58d-47e5-474c-cdc5-592ca1715c01" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "34 55 65n" ] } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "print_even_ind([34, 23, 55, 51, 65])" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "rT6Wq87IwozB", "outputId": "1027cf4b-26c2-4f10-e9e3-a1a06569eb8e" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "index0 index2 index4n" ] } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "print_even_ind(["index0", "index1", "index2", "index3", "index4"])" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "j-HdmNxcsb8F" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 4:** n", "Explain the main difference between a list and a tuple. Write your answer in the markdown cell below, and make every appearance of the word 'list' **bold**, and every appearance of the word 'tuple' ***bold and italic***. (This should not be code, it's just for you to practice working with markdown cells)." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "GgILSU1Nt3Uh" }, "source": [ "— n", "Write your answer here:n", "…" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "hRIOt_rMt1zi" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 5:** n", "Write a function **`add_N_to_list()`** that would take a *list of integers* and an integer `n` as an input, and add `n` to every element of the list. The function should not return anything, but it is the _original list that_ ***has to be changed***, not a new one created (see examples below)." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "UDNdhAJ5MN6E" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "***Your code goes here***: " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "2mQfqcp22rRG" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "#Function definition:n", "def add_N_to_list(l, n):n", "#…" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "J86m03ge3E3j", "outputId": "2d87d3c9-b70d-4ffa-c5af-e77d626a247f" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "[6, 7, 8]" ] }, "execution_count": 113, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "l1=[1,2,3]n", "add_N_to_list(l1,5)n", "l1" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "q75nWJH-4Hwj", "outputId": "1c8d702a-d0e2-4a89-c4af-7054e64e9ebd" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "[5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14]" ] }, "execution_count": 117, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "l1=list(range(10))n", "add_N_to_list(l1,5)n", "l1" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "0CP53MYPHC61" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 6:** n", "The following dictionary containts a cipher. Write a function `decrypt()` that takes this dictionary and some encrypted message (encrypted by this cipher) and prints out the decrypted one:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "joxDSfc-Q9RD" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "cipher_key = {'A': 'f', n", " 'B': 'w', n", " 'C': 'j', n", " 'D': 'u', n", " 'E': 'b', n", " 'F': 'z', n", " 'G': 'o', n", " 'H': 'n', n", " 'I': 's', n", " 'J': 'a', n", " 'K': ' ', n", " 'L': 't', n", " 'M': 'y', n", " 'N': 'e', n", " 'O': 'x', n", " 'P': 'c', n", " 'Q': 'd', n", " 'R': 'i', n", " 'S': 'p', n", " 'T': 'g', n", " 'U': 'h', n", " 'V': 'r', n", " 'W': 'k', n", " 'X': 'q', n", " 'Y': 'l',n", " 'Z': 'm',n", " ' ': 'v'}" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "pMRDbUiFeMGX" }, "source": [ "The cipher works in a very straightfdorward way. To decode an encrypted message, you should match every character in that message to the key in the provided dictionary `cipher_key` and "translate" it to the corresponding value. If the character is not one of the keys, just leave it as is.n", "n", "For example, '`UNYYG!`' should translate to '`hello!`', and '`ZMKHJZNKRIKQJVWHNII`' to '`my name is darkness`'." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "qSFkL5XgMi8e" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "***Your code goes here***: n", "Write the function `decrypt(cipher, message)`" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "vMNwmAPIM1MF" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "#Function definition:n", "# …" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "WM3mkz0MXj_Y", "outputId": "4a591e3a-cbad-408f-fa20-44ac24675780" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "my name is darknessn" ] } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "decrypt(cipher_key, 'ZMKHJZNKRIKQJVWHNII')" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "tZYr5eetZha5" }, "source": [ "Decrypt the following message **MGDKJVNKQGRHTKTVNJL!KWNNSKDSKLUNKTGGQKBGVW!**" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "ho5n3a2UZpY1" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Checking. What does this decode to?n", "decrypt(cipher_key, 'MGDKJVNKQGRHTKTVNJL!KWNNSKDSKLUNKTGGQKBGVW!')" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "BABPkTWcHE68" }, "source": [ "### **Problem 7:**n", "One of the useful commands in Python is `input()`, which allows asking users for typing inputs. When executed, it will wait until the user enters smth and hits "Enter". Whatever is entered by the user, is read in as a string.n", "n", "For example:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 51 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "ORCl6VZFdbEv", "outputId": "021bddae-3520-41b5-e956-8d7106e393a8" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "What is your name:Michaeln", "Hello Michaeln" ] } ], "source": [ "name=input("What is your name? ")n", "print("Hello "+name)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "8o8xP-BOcobj" }, "source": [ "If we want a user to enter numbers, we'll have to convert the input from string to whatever type is needed:" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 51 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "5y-nrBkdeQt_", "outputId": "253eec7a-dc14-4755-a408-0e3cef4a89de" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "How old are you? 49n", "You still have 51 years until you become a centenarian.n" ] } ], "source": [ "age = int(input("How old are you? "))n", "if (age<100):n", " print(f"You still have {100-age} years until you become a centenarian.")n", "elif age==100:n", " print("Congratulation! You are a centenarian!")n", "else:n", " print(f"It's been {age-100} years since you turned a 100.")" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "BSTmPyzueWIQ" }, "source": [ "#### **Your task:**n", "Ask the user to enter her/his name and age (in the same input line, separated by spaces). Extract the name and the age from the input string and print out text just as in the examples above, but with additional modification: when printing a statement about years, your code should be able to handle the plural and singular cases properly.n", "n", "For example, if the user enters 99 for the age the program should say *'1 year'* and not *'1 year**s**'*, but if she puts 77 for the age, the pogram should say *'23 year**s**'*. n", "n", "See the example below." ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 85 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "_o-tORPAdOvx", "outputId": "4b1398a1-2d44-47f7-b927-9467ed1f5785" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "n", "Please enter your name and age: Peter 99n", "Hello Peter.n", "You still have 1 year until you become a centenarian.n" ] } ], "source": [ "# Example output:" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "v1hWSRY0NIhD" }, "source": [ "—n", "***Your code goes here:***" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": "98F1_x_4HdsC" }, "outputs": [], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "# …n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "NA5SOqo7dVTY" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "### **Problem 8:** Generating a list of random integersn", "The following code generates a random integer, between 2 and 10 (including 2 and 10)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 6, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "E6M0m3jZGted", "outputId": "36022cdc-5946-4767-d57d-2e78147e2fd0" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "7" ] }, "execution_count": 6, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "import randomn", "random.randint(2, 10)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "d-DcwDxEHVbj" }, "source": [ "Your task is to use this command (`random.randint`) and list comprehension approach to generate a list of 100 random integers between 1 and 5000. Should be just one line of code: n", "n", "`rl = [ ….`*`list comprension here`*`…]`" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "zu9M4EMuL5Al" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "***Your code goes here***: " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 7, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 54 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "hdfOv-Jvnf5h", "outputId": "2384a1e0-3129-40c6-8819-fd910cf1b578" }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "[1925, 1813, 1567, 12, 1494, 3794, 2849, 2003, 4517, 4249, 4062, 2251, 1200, 774, 3504, 3766, 4876, 2467, 1577, 732, 2975, 2581, 1097, 2862, 1546, 3831, 2073, 369, 4954, 408, 3854, 4252, 401, 412, 4076, 1859, 3579, 772, 1038, 506, 3518, 4036, 959, 753, 3395, 1678, 291, 3704, 4925, 2526, 552, 2372, 2334, 3093, 3739, 3046, 2799, 2281, 2645, 2254, 3680, 4660, 1457, 3154, 3151, 829, 2264, 2751, 557, 3346, 2612, 2351, 4665, 3039, 633, 246, 4518, 4723, 3748, 1310, 987, 3628, 840, 3357, 2498, 4247, 433, 492, 900, 2722, 1101, 3183, 4413, 1755, 1293, 1345, 1564, 2581, 2780, 895]n" ] } ], "source": [ "#Your code goes here:n", "n", "#rand_list = [ # … list comprehension heren", "print(rand_list)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "nkNOcjqLnomT", "outputId": "708a464e-8dd8-4f8b-8dba-437af44159c8" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "100" ] }, "execution_count": 246, "metadata": { "tags": [] }, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking:n", "len(rand_list)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 8, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "InxDIhwZo4dD", "outputId": "e3548b84-cf26-4440-cab1-9cd8385f2f12" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "4954" ] }, "execution_count": 8, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking (answers will vary):n", "max(rand_list)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 9, "metadata": { "colab": { "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/", "height": 34 }, "colab_type": "code", "id": "QrgtXg53JprV", "outputId": "c391592b-2468-43b6-b069-63b651be27aa" }, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "12" ] }, "execution_count": 9, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "#Checking (answers will vary):n", "min(rand_list)" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "j-HdmNxcsb8F" }, "source": [ "—n", "n", "### **Problem 9:** Sorting a list n", "Explain the main difference between `.sort()` method for lists and `sorted()` built-in function. Format both functions as code, every time you mention them.n", "n", "Include a couple of executable examples to illustrate your explanation." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": { "colab_type": "text", "id": "GgILSU1Nt3Uh" }, "source": [ "— n", "***Write your answer here:*** n", "n", "…n", "n", "…" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 0, "metadata": { "colab": {}, "colab_type": "code", "id": &

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