04 Mar Please start the discussion by introducing yourself. Have you ever worked with any systems analysis and design task? Have you ever seen a PRD
Needing computer science homework completed
W1 Assignment #1 & W1 Assignment #2
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Examples and Readings:
Document W1 A1 Example is for (Assignment #1)
All other documents is for (Assignment #2)
Need (1) Paragraph for each DQ
This week contains multiple discussion questions that you are required to answer.
DQ#1 – Introduction/ Experience with Analysis and Design
Please start the discussion by introducing yourself. Have you ever worked with any systems analysis and design task? Have you ever seen a PRD (Product Requirement Document) or a TDD (Technical Design Document)? What is your expectation for this class?
DQ#2 – Requirement Gathering
If you do not have a strong business process background, or very much knowledge about the problem domain (e.g. the business area being supported), how do you ensure that you have gathered all the important requirements and that your requirements are accurate, thorough, and comprehensive?
DQ#3 – Use Case Identification Techniques
The book discusses two techniques for identifying use cases (the event decomposition technique and the user goal technique). Which technique is better? Why?
DQ#4 – Problem Domain Class Identification
The book discusses two techniques to identify classes from the problem domain (The Brainstorming technique and the Noun technique). Which technique is better? When might one be better than the other? When might it be appropriate to use both techniques?
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Individual Assignments: ParkingFinder.com is a type of e-business exchange that does business entirely on the Internet. The system connects parking space landlords and space tenants all over the world in an online market and manages the entire booking process and payments. For a person to offer parking spaces (landlord), he/she must register with ParkingFinder.com. The person must provide a current physical address and telephone number as well as a current e-mail address. The system will then maintain an open account for this person. Access to the system as a landlord is through a secure, authenticated portal. A landlord can list parking spaces on the system through a special Internet form. Information required includes all of the pertinent information about the parking space, the asking price, and documents showing that the landlord has the right to rent the space. A landlord may list as many spaces as desired. Parking spaces listed by a landlord need to be verified that the landlord owns them, before they can be visible to the public. The system maintains an index of all parking spaces in the system so that tenants can use the search engine to search for parking spaces. The search engine allows searches of parking spaces by location. At the end of each month, a check is mailed to each landlord for the spaces that have been rented. People wanting to rent parking spaces (potential tenants) come to the site and search for the space they want. When they decide to book, they must open an account with a credit card to pay for the parking space. They need to select the space they want to book, the time slot for the renting period and the vehicle license plate number. The system maintains all of this information on secure servers. The tenants can, if they want, enter their review and ratings of the parking space. The same functionality can be accessed through mobile app, which can be downloaded and installed from Apple Store and Google Play Store. Week 1: · 1. Identify (at least 5) use cases for the system using the user goal technique. List the users, user goals, use case names and write a brief use case description for each use case using the following template. (10 points)
2. Use a UML Editor (for example MS Visio with UML template) to draw a use case diagram based on the actors and use cases you identified (5 points) 3. List 5 non-functional requirements of the system – Usability, Reliability, Performance, Security and Design Constraints (5 points) |
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FirstName LastName CIS320 Week 1 Assignment Professor Tuan Do, Ph.D., PMP National University 08Aug2018
1. Identify (at least 5) use cases for the system using the user goal technique. List the users, user goals, resulting use cases and write a brief use case description for each resulting use case. (10 points) Actors: Buyer, Seller, Employees
Users User Goal Use Case Brief Description Buyer Register individual
information on the website to buy books
Register on the website Opening an account on the system
Seller Register individual information on the website to sell books
Register on the website Opening an account on the system
Buyer Search for books by to buy/purchase
Search for book Books can be searched by Title, Author, Category or Key Word
Buyer Request from seller to purchase the book or books chosen
Request to Purchase Book
1. EyesHaveIt sends email notice to Seller of book chosen
2. Book marked as purchased
3. Maintains invoice until book shipped by seller
Seller Ship the book to the buyer
Ship Book 1. Seller accepts purchase
2. Seller notifies Buyer via email within 48 hours that purchase is noted.
3. Seller sends book to Buyer and sends notification to both Buyer and EyesHaveIt that shipment is made
Employees Change/Update information on book purchased in the EyesHaveIt website
Adjust Purchase Information
1. Email from Seller received that shipment was made.
2. EyesHaveIt Changes order to “Shipped” Status.
3. Date annotated for 30
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day wait period and Service Code Response.
Buyer Enters a rating code to determine condition of the book received and Seller Service
Enter Service Code 1. This is a rating system for the seller and customer satisfaction indicator.
2. Buyer submits rating for condition of the book and how well the Seller is servicing the books.
Seller Register information about the Book the seller wishes to sell
Register the Book 1. Book form is submitted for Title, Author, Category, General Condition and asking price.
2. More than one book can be listed by a seller.
Employees Send the money received for the purchased book from the Buyer to the Seller
Send Money to Sellers At the end of every month all sold books that have completed the 30 days wait period and the Service Code has been entered by Buyer the money is sent to the Seller.
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2. Use a UML Editor (for example MS Visio with UML template) to draw a use case diagram based on the actors and use cases you identified (10 points)
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CIS320
Systems Analysis and Integration
Week 1 – Use Cases
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Chapter 3
- Overview
- This chapter focuses on identifying and modeling the key aspect of functional requirements– use cases
- Outline
- Use Cases and User Goals
- Use Cases and Event Decomposition
- Use Cases and CRUD
- User Case Diagrams
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Use Cases
- Use case— an activity that the system performs, usually in response to a request by a user
- Use cases define functional requirements
- Analysts decompose the system into a set of use cases (functional decomposition)
- Two techniques for Identifying use cases
- User goal technique
- Event decomposition technique
- CRUD technique is used for validating, cross-checking
- Name each use case using Verb-Noun
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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User Goal Technique
- This technique is the most common in industry
- Simple and effective
- Identify all of the potential categories of users of the system
- Interview and ask them to describe the tasks the computer can help them with
- Probe further to refine the tasks into specific user goals, “I need to Ship items, Track a shipment, Create a return”
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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User Goal Technique
Some RMO CSMS Users and Goals
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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User Goal Technique:
Specific Steps
Identify all the potential users for the new system
Classify the potential users in terms of their functional role (e.g., shipping, marketing, sales)
Further classify potential users by organizational level (e.g., operational, management, executive)
For each type of user, interview them to find a list of specific goals they will have when using the new system (current goals and innovative functions to add value)
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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User Goal Technique
Specific Steps (continued)
Create a list of preliminary use cases organized by type of user
Look for duplicates with similar use case names and resolve inconsistencies
Identify where different types of users need the same use cases
Review the completed list with each type of user and then with interested stakeholders
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Event Decomposition Technique
- More Comprehensive and Complete Technique
- Identify the events that occur to which the system must respond.
- For each event, name a use case (verb-noun) that describes what the system does when the event occurs
- Event– something that occurs at a specific time and place, can be described, and should be remembered by the system
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Events and Use Cases
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Types of Events
- External Event
- an event that occurs outside the system, usually initiated by an external agent or actor
- Example: Customer places an order
- Temporal Event
- an event that occurs as a result of reaching a point in time
- Example: It’s month’s end and the expense report needs to be printed
- State Event
- an event that occurs when something happens inside the system that triggers some process
- Example: reorder point is reached for inventory item
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Event Decomposition Technique:
Specific Steps
Consider the external events in the system environment that require a response from the system by using the checklist shown in Figure 3-3
For each external event, identify and name the use case that the system requires
Consider the temporal events that require a response from the system by using the checklist shown in Figure 3-4
For each temporal event, identify and name the use case that the system requires and then establish the point of time that will trigger the use case
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Event Decomposition Technique:
Specific Steps (continued)
Consider the state events that the system might respond to, particularly if it is a real-time system in which devices or internal state changes trigger use cases.
For each state event, identify and name the use case that the system requires and then define the state change.
When events and use cases are defined, check to see if they are required by using the perfect technology assumption. Do not include events that involve such system controls as login, logout, change password, and backup or restore the database, as these are put in later.
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Event Decomposition Technique: Benefits
- Events are broader than user goal: Capture temporal and state events
- Help decompose at the right level of analysis: an elementary business process (EBP)
- EBP is a fundamental business process performed by one person, in one place, in response to a business event
- Uses perfect technology assumption to make sure functions that support the users work are identified and not additional functions for security and system controls
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Use Cases and CRUD Technique
- CRUD is Create, Read/Report, Update, and Delete (archive)
- Often introduced in database context
- Technique to validate, refine or cross-check use cases
- NOT for primarily identifying use cases
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Use Case Diagrams
- Use case diagram— a UML model used to graphically show uses cases and their relationships to actors
- Actor is the UML name for a end user
- Automation boundary— the boundary between the computerized portion of the application and the users who operate the application
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Use Case Diagram – Example
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Use Case Diagrams
The <<Includes>> relationship
- A relationship between use cases where one use case is stereotypically included within the other use case— like a called subroutine. Arrow points to subroutine
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Use Case Diagrams:
Steps
- Identify all the stakeholders and users who would benefit by seeing a use case diagram
- Determine what each stakeholder or user needs to review in a use case diagram: each subsystem, for each type of user, for use cases that are of interest
- For each potential communication need, select the use cases and actors to show and draw the use case diagram. There are many software packages that can be used to draw use case diagrams
- Carefully name each use case diagram and then note how and when the diagram should be used to review use cases with stakeholders and users
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
*
Summary
- Use cases are the functions identified, the activities the system carries out usually in response to a user request
- Two techniques for identifying use cases are the user goal technique and the event decomposition technique
- The user goal technique begins by identifying end users called actors and asking what specific goals they have when interacting with the system
- The event decomposition technique begins by identifying events that occur that require the system to respond.
- The CRUD technique is used to validate and refine the use cases identified
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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CIS320
Systems Analysis and Integration
Week 1 – Domain Modeling
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Chapter 4 Outline
- Overview
- This chapter focuses on another key concepts for defining requirements— data entities or domain classes (what need to be remembered!)
- Outline
- “Things” in the Problem Domain
- Data entities
- Domain classes
- The Domain Model Class Diagram
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
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Things in the Problem Domain
- Problem domain—the specific area (or domain) of the users’ business need that is within the scope of the new system.
- “Things” are those items users work with when accomplishing tasks that need to be remembered
- Examples of “Things” are products, sales, shippers, customers, invoices, payments, etc.
- These “Things” are modeled as domain classes or data entities
- In this course, we will call them domain classes. In database class you call them data entities
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 6th Edition
*
Things in the Problem Domain
Two Techniques for Identifying them
- Brainstorming Technique
- Use a checklist of all of the usual types of things typically found and brainstorm to identify domain classes of each type
- Noun Technique
- Identify all of the nouns that come up when the system is described and determine if each is a domain class, an attribute, or not something we need to remember
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