08 Sep Using what you learned in Modules 1-3 up to this point,?discuss 3 key elements you think should be a part of US Healthcare reform. ?Since we do not know at this point whether the ACA wi
Using what you learned in Modules 1-3 up to this point, discuss 3 key elements you think should be a part of US Healthcare reform. Since we do not know at this point whether the ACA will remain or will be repealed and replaced, what are 3 key elements that should remain or be introduced into US healthcare reform legislation?
For example, children up to the age of 26 being able to remain on their parent's health insurance or mandates that everyone have healthcare. These are only examples, feel free to discuss any key elements from the readings or your own research. This assignment should be a maximum of 2 paragraphs in length and should be your own original thought. Please cite any sources you used in a standard format (e.g. APA or MLA). Purdue’s Online Writing Lab (OWL) can help with cited and writing. You can find OWL at https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/ . The rest of your submission should be 2 paragraphs (no more then 5 sentences in a paragraph!) on the 3 key elements you chose that should remain or be introduced as discussed above. Remember do not simply state your opinion; explain your rationale for your opinion. Be sure to write properly for an academic audience (review syllabus guidelines).
Grading Rubric:
Submission reflects college level writing. Clear effort is made with sentence structure, word choice, grammar and punctuation. (4pts)
Post discusses 3 key elements of reform and clearly indicates the students perspective supporting it with rationale. (4pts)
Student cites references (2pts)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the end of this module, the student will be able to:
· Analyze healthcare policy in the United States.
· Review the impact of policy on the various services and populations.
· Evaluate the efficacy of policy changes implemented by the Affordable Care Act.
· Describe the pros and cons of the ongoing reform.
· Compare and contrast our reform policies with other models in the world.
US Healthcare
Healthcare in the United States is complex and a mixture of private insurance and government programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. We saw this in the last chapter. See Table 1 below for a list of government health programs and their department sponsors.
|
Program |
Coverage |
Funding |
|
Medicare |
65 years or older, certain disabilities or end stage renal disease |
Federal |
|
Medicaid |
People with limited income (guidelines are established) |
Federal and state joint funding |
|
State Children’s Health Insurance Program |
Children whose families make too much money for Medicaid but not enough for private insurance |
States |
|
Tricare |
Military |
Department of Defense |
|
Veterans’ Healthcare Administration |
Veterans |
Department of Veterans Affairs |
|
Indian Health Service |
Native American Tribes and Native Alaska people |
Department of Health and Human Services |
While there are several different ways Americans pay for healthcare many Americans are still uninsured. The battle over how to pay for healthcare has been going on for decades. In 2010 legislation was passed that attempted to increase the number of Americans covered by health insurance and reform our system. This legislation is often called "Obamacare" after the president was in office when it was passed. Its actual name is the Affordable Care Act.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA)
The Affordable Care Act and Reconciliation Act of 2010 included new benefits for patients. Here are some of the important highlights of the act and what it provided to Americans:
· Legal protections against health insurance companies refusing care for “pre-existing conditions”. In other words, if you have diabetes, asthma, or a heart problem that you developed before applying for health insurance, the company cannot refuse to insure you based on this existing health condition.
· Young adult coverage where children can remain on a parent’s policy until age 26.
· Businesses of a certain size need to provide insurance for employees.
· Expanded Medicaid to cover more individuals.
· Penalties are charged if you don't have coverage.
· Rights to appeals.
· Removal of benefit limits
· Preventive Care coverage
· Established a health insurance marketplace to "shop" for plans.
The debate over healthcare reform still goes on with each political party advocating for different amendments to the current bill. As you probably have heard, the US Congress House of Representatives recently passed the American Health Care Act of 2017.
Here are the key elements of the bill:
· Ends the tax penalty against people without coverage.
· Ends the Medicaid expansion funding.
· Changes Medicaid from an open-ended program to one that gives states fixed amounts of money per person.
· Replaces the ACA's cost-sharing subsidies based mostly on consumers' incomes and premium costs with tax credits that grow with age.
· Repeals taxes on the wealthy, insurers, drug, and medical device makers.
· Consumers who let their coverage lapse for more than 63 days in a year would be charged 30% surcharges to regain insurance. This would include people with pre-existing medical conditions.
· State waivers would allow insurers to charge older customers higher premiums by as much as they'd like.
· States get $8 billion over five years to finance high-risk pools that cover those with pre-existing conditions.
· States get $130 billion over a decade to help people afford coverage.
· Keeps ACA provision that children can remain on their parent’s insurance plans until age 26.
The Senate recently voted on the healthcare bill, however, this failed to pass. Many estimate that enacting this legislation would reduce federal deficits by $420 billion over the coming decade and increase the number of people who are uninsured by 22 million in 2026 relative to the number under current law.” (CBO, 2017)
The fight over the best system for American healthcare goes on as does the debate about the best systems and how to create the best model.
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