on alone. OWLEDGE Define and provide examples of the following terms: evolution, popunt gene pool, gene flow, genetic drift, bottleneck effect, founder effect, na tion, genetic fixation, genotypic frequency, allelic frequency, and mo 1. natural selec- 2. State the five conditions necessary for Hardy-Weinberg equ Describe how gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection br evolution. 3. ng about 4. Chemokines are receptor proteins found in cell membranes of immune The C-C chemokine receptor-5 protein is a receptor that allows the HIV- virus to enter immune cells and is encoded by the CCR5 gene. A mutant allele has a 32 base pair deletion that makes the receptor protein non tional and is coded for by the mutant allele A32. The normal allele is (w*). Individuals who are A32/A32 are resistant to HIV-1 infection, those who are heterozygous w’/A32 are still affected by HIV-1 but the progression to AIDS is slower, and w*/ w individuals are susceptible to HIV-1. A study of S48 individuals in Italy found the following genotypes present in the population: func- CCRS- w’lw 491 w+1.32 # 51 A32/A326 a. Calculate the observed genotypic frequencies from the numbers above. b. What are the allelic frequencies of w* (p) and A32 (q)? c. What are the expected genotypic frequencies if this population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?