This document will cover two aspects:

1. The values to be attached to the probability tables, and

2. The formulae to be used to compute the probabilities that are required.

Probability table specification In total there are 16 nodes for the Car diagnosis Bayesian network. This means that 16 probability tables are

required. These tables must be assigned values according to the specifications below.

1. Battery age table

ba _y 0.2 ba_n 0.8

2. Alternator broken table

ab_y 0.1 ab_n 0.9

3. Fanbelt broken table

fb_y 0.3 fb_n 0.7

4. Battery dead table

ba_y_bd_y 0.7 ba_y_bd_n 0.3 ba_n_bd_y 0.3 ba_n_bd_n 0.7

Note that this table represents conditional probabilities. Thus for example, the row ba_y_bd_y=0.2 should be

interpreted as the Pr(battery being dead|battery is aged) is 0.2. All other tables below which have more than two

rows also happen to represent conditional probabilities.

5. No charging table

ab_y_fb_y_nc_y 0.75

ab_y_fb_n_nc_y 0.4

ab_n_fb_y_nc_y 0.6 ab_n_fb_n_nc_y 0.1 ab_y_fb_y_nc=n 0.25 ab_y_fb_n_nc=n 0.6 ab_n_fb_y_nc=n 0.4 ab_n_fb_n_nc=n 0.9

6. Battery meter table

bd_y_bm_y 0.9 bd_y_bm_n 0.1 bd_n_bm_y 0.1 bd_n_bm_n 0.9

7. Battery flat table

bd_y_nc_y_bf_y 0.95

bd_y_nc_n_bf_y 0.85

bd_n_nc_y_bf_y 0.8 bd_n_nc_n_bf_y 0.1 bd_y_nc_y_bf_n 0.05 bd_y_nc_n_bf_n 0.15 bd_n_nc_y_bf_n 0.2 bd_n_nc_n_bf_n 0.9

8. No oil table

no _y 0.05 no_n 0.95

9. No gas table

ng _y 0.05 ng_n 0.95

10. Fuel line blocked table

fb _y 0.1 fb_n 0.9

11. Starter broken table

sb _y 0.1 sb_n 0.9

12. Lights table

l_y_bf_y 0.9 l_n_bf_y 0.3 l_y_bf_n 0.1 l_n_bf_n 0.7

13. Oil lights table

bf_y_no_y_ol_y 0.9

bf_y_no_n_ol_y 0.7

bf_n_no_y_ol_y 0.8 bf_n_no_n_ol_y 0.1 bf_y_no_y_ol_n 0.1 bf_y_no_n_ol_n 0.3 bf_n_no_y_ol_n 0.2 bf_n_no_n_ol_n 0.9

14. Gas gauge table

bf_y_ng_y_gg_y 0.95

bf_y_ng_n_gg_y 0.4

bf_n_ng_y_gg_y 0.7 bf_n_ng_n_gg_y 0.1 bf_y_ng_y_gg_n 0.05 bf_y_ng_n_gg_n 0.6 bf_n_ng_y_gg_n 0.3 bf_n_ng_n_gg_n 0.9

15. Car won’t start table

This table has 64 rows. There are 3 cases to consider:

1. For every combination of bf, no, ng, fb, sb with at least one of these variables taking the value y, the

probability is 0.9 for the cs_n outcome.

2. For the case when all 5 variables bf, no, ng, fb, sb take the value n with cs_n. In this case the probability is 0.1

3. The remaining case is when cs_N. The probabilities are now defined as the complement of the probabilities

of the first 32 rows. That is if the probability is p for the first row then it is (1-p) for the 33rd row, if it is q for

row 2 then it is (1-q) for row 34 and so on.

Note this table must be encoded in the graph with 64 rows and each row should have a probability as specified

above.

16. Dipstick low table

no_y_dl_y 0.95 no_n_dl_y 0.3 no_y_dl_n 0.05 no_n_d_n 0.7

Formulae for computation of probabilities In addition to the discussion below you are strongly advised to refer to the class notes on Bayesian learning.

Let us illustrate the computation of the probabilities by taking R2 as an example.

For R2 you are asked to compute P(-cs, +ab, +fb) – this is the joint probability that the car does not start whenever

both the alternator and fan belt are not functioning at the same time.

To understand how this is done, let us first look at a simpler situation.

P(+c, +a, +b) = P(+c|+a, +b)*P(+a)*P(+b)

Using this as a guide we can now work out P(-cs, +ab, +fb)

Purpose: This project will expose you to inference using Bayesian networks. Bayesian networks capture causal

relationships and are widely used in fault diagnosis across a wide variety of applications. A Bayesian

network can be represented by a directed graph which will model causal relationships between

variables. A useful tool to represent and traverse a graph is NetworkX (NetworkX — NetworkX

documentation) which contains a comprehensive library of graph types and graph algorithms written

in Python. The application that we will be targeting is Car fault diagnosis which was introduced in

class. The fundamental issue in such diagnosis applications is to discover the causes or underlying

reasons for the fault to occur and to rank these reasons in terms of their importance.

In this application we will be exploring the reasons behind: a) the car not starting and the probability

that this event takes place; and b) under what conditions the car battery becomes flat and the

likelihood of this occurring.

Project Requirements: R1

Use Networkx in Google Colab and represent the network as shown below:

Attach probability tables to each node as specified in the Project 3 discussion document. Visualize

the network using Networkx and show the nodes and edges. You do not have to show the probability

tables you created but this of course will be embedded in your code. The coloring used in the figure

above does not need to be reproduced. Instead, use a neutral color of blue to shade the nodes.

Make sure that your edges show directionality.

R2

Compute the probability P (-cs, +ab, +fb)

R3

Compute the probability P (-cs, +ab)

R4

Compute the probability P(-cs, +fb)

R5

For the battery going flat, which of the factors is more important, battery dead or not charging?

Note:

1. Use the starter code provided for this project. This is essential as many of you will not be

familiar with NetworkX.

2. I strongly recommend that you read the Project 3 Discussion Document as it covers not just

the probability table creation but also what formulae needs to be used to compute the

answers to requirements R2 to R5.

Our website has a team of professional writers who can help you write any of your homework. They will write your papers from scratch. We also have a team of editors just to make sure all papers are of HIGH QUALITY & PLAGIARISM FREE. To make an Order you only need to click Ask A Question and we will direct you to our Order Page at WriteDemy. Then fill Our Order Form with all your assignment instructions. Select your deadline and pay for your paper. You will get it few hours before your set deadline.