09 Oct Week 3 Community Strategic Plan: Part A, Community
Week 3 Community Strategic Plan: Part A, Community Assessment For this assignment, identify an area of focus in community health within your own community. Using Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns framework (p. 130 in your e-text), assess the health risks in your community. In your community assessment paper, include the following: • Identify resources in your community that would enable you to complete a community assessment and submit a summary of your findings (1–2 paragraphs). • Refer to Table 8-3: Examples of Community Strengths and Concerns, and assess the strengths and concerns of your community (2–3 paragraphs). • Identify potential barriers to implementing community health plans in your community and brainstorm ways of addressing these barriers (2–3 paragraphs). Plan ahead: Next week, as Part B of this assignment, you will select one (1) identified risk from this assessment to develop a community-focused strategic plan to address that health risk. It is recommended that you look ahead to next week’s assignment so that you can begin framing your chosen community health focus. Your paper should be 2–3 pages in length, not including the cover and reference pages. Use APA throughout. You must include 2–3 sources that are APA cited and referenced in your paper. (Sources may include community resources such as flyers, brochures, interviews, news stories, and local research data from credible sources.) Review the rubric for further information on how your assignment will be graded. Due: Sunday, 11:59 p.m. (Pacific time) Functional Health Pattern Framework Holism and the totality of the person’s interactions with the environment form the philosophical foundations of Gordon’s functional health patterns. This foundation provides a context for collecting data that provide information about the entire person and most life processes. By examining functional patterns and interactions among patterns, nurses accurately determine and diagnose actual or potential problems, intervene more effectively, and facilitate movement toward outcomes to promote health and well-being (Gordon, 2011). In addition to providing a framework to assess individuals, families, and communities holistically, functional health patterns provide a strong focus for more effective nursing interventions and outcomes. This stronger focus provides a solid position from which nurses participate as decision makers in health care systems at organizational, community, national, and international levels. TABLE 6-2 TYPOLOGY OF 11 FUNCTIONAL HEALTH PATTERNS PATTERN DESCRIPTION Health perception-health management pattern Individual’s perceived health and well-being and how health is managed Nutritional-metabolic pattern Food and fluid consumption relative to metabolic needs and indicators of local nutrient supply Elimination pattern Excretory function (bowel, bladder, and skin) Activity-exercise pattern Exercise, activity, leisure, and recreation Sleep-rest pattern Sleep, rest, and relaxation Cognitive-perceptual pattern Sensory, perceptual, and cognitive patterns Self-perception–self-concept pattern Self-concept pattern and perceptions of self (body comfort, body image, and feeling state); self-conception and self-esteem Roles-relationships pattern Role engagements and relationships Sexuality-reproductive pattern Person’s satisfaction and dissatisfaction with sexuality and reproduction Coping-stress tolerance pattern General coping pattern and effectiveness in stress tolerance Values-beliefs pattern Values, beliefs (including spiritual), or goals that guide choices or decisions Modified from Gordon, M. (2011). Manual of nursing diagnosis (12th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett. BOX 8-3 RESEARCH FOR EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE: Associations Among Parent/Peer Relationships and Individual Characteristics of Children This study uses socioecological theory as a foundation to explore associations among parent/peer relationships and individual characteristics. A total of 3 rounds of data were collected over 3 years in this sample of 667 children. Each round consisted of a 45- to 90-minute interview with the guardian of the child. Instruments were used to measure internalization of problems, externalization of problems, exposure to community violence, exposure to family violence, attachment to parents, attachment to friends, delinquency of friends, self-reported competence, moral disengagement (justification for the use of aggression), household dysfunction, and mental health of guardians. The consent process explained that counseling services would be available and child abuse would be reported. Stepwise hierarchical linear regression was used to analyze the data. High exposure to violence was associated with little protection from normally protective factors (e.g., attachment to parents) compared to low exposure to violence. In the low exposure to violence setting, peer protective factors (e.g., friends) were effective. Less internalizing of problems was independently associated with individual competence. Externalizing problems was independently associated with variables from all domains, and exposure. Parent attachment and other protective factors were associated with decreased problems, whereas increased problems were associated with risk factors, such as a friend’s delinquency. Community violence reduction, health-promotion, and health-prevention programs that emphasize and promote protective factors with parents and peers may decrease adverse behavioral outcomes in urban adolescents. From Salzinger, S., Rosario, M., Feldman, R. S., & Ng-Mak, D. S. (2011). Role of parent and peer relationships and individual characteristics in middle school children’s behavioral outcomes in the face of community violence. Journal of Research on Adolescence: The Official Journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence, 21(2), 395-407. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00677.x. Communities, therefore, experience substantial variability in health conditions in regard to both incidence and susceptibility. Risk-factor theory views health and disease as multifactorial with etiology attributed to no single risk factor. For example, risk factors such as air pollution, smoking, and forms of radiation in various combinations may be related to high rates of lung cancer, emphysema, and bronchitis in a community. The potential to control risk factors and to provide relevant health-related resources forms the basis for health-promotion and health-protection activities.
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