10 Oct What are the factors leading to this patient’s m
What are the factors leading to this patient’s malnutrition and what would the treatment approach be? In this class we want to work on these cases by following established treatment guidelines. add more information of the secondary effect of the medication and more informstion of treatment, and natural medication. I will be presenting my case study on the 64 year male from a homeless shelter diagnosed with malnutrition. Discussion Board Week-1 64-year-old male diagnosed with malnutrition who is currently homeless. Malnutrition can result from various medical and environmental conditions. Malnutrition involves a dietary deficiency. Malnutrition happens when a person lacks nutrients because they do not consume enough food. Poor diet may lead to a lack of vitamins, minerals and other essential nutrients. Malnutrition can also slow the recovery from illness and wounds and complicate diseases such as pneumonia and diarrhea. It can also make the body more susceptive to disease. Signs and symptoms of malnutrition include tiredness, irritability, inability to concentrate, lack of appetite or interest in food, loss of fat, muscle mass and body tissue, depression, longer healing time, higher risk for getting sick and taking longer to heal. In severe cases, malnutrition can cause the skin to be inelastic, pale, dry, and cold. The cheeks may appear hollow and sunken eyes as the fat disappears from the face. Most likely, this person is experiencing malnutrition due to being homeless and limited accessibility to food. Other possibilities for malnutrition is mental health problems, mobility and social problems, digestive disorders and stomach ache conditions and alcoholism. Risk Factors: Individuals who are socially isolated People on low or no income Those who have difficulty absorbing nutrients People who are recovering from serious conditions or illnesses Diagnostic screen to help identify the level of risk include the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) tool. Here are the steps: Step 1: Measure height and weight, calculate body mass index (BMI), and provide a score. Step 2: Note the percentage of unplanned weight loss and provide a score. For example, an unplanned loss of 5 to 10 percent of weight would give a score of 1, but a 10-percent loss would score 2. Step 3: Identify any mental or physical health condition and score. For example, if a person has been acutely ill and taken no food for over 5 days, the score will be 3. Step 4: Add scores from steps 1, 2 and 3 to obtain an overall risk score. Step 5: Use local guidelines to develop a care plan. If the person is at low risk of malnutrition, their overall score will be 0. A score of 1 denotes a medium risk and 2 or more indicates a high risk. MUST is only used to identify malnutrition or the risk of malnutrition in adults. It will not identify specific nutritional imbalances or deficiencies. The type of treatment will depend on the severity of the malnutrition, and the presence of any underlying conditions or complications. The healthcare provider will prepare a targeted care plan, with specific aims for treatment. There will normally be a feeding program with a specially planned diet, and possibly some additional nutritional supplements. People with severe malnourishment or absorption problems may need artificial nutritional support, either through a tube or intravenously. The patient will be closely monitored for progress, and their treatment will be regularly reviewed to ensure their nutritional needs are being met. Diet A dietitian will discuss healthful food choices and dietary patterns with the patient, to encourage them to consume a healthy, nutritious diet with the right number of calories. Those who are undernourished may need additional calories to start with. Monitoring progress Regular monitoring can help ensure an appropriate intake of calories and nutrients. This may be adjusted as the patient’s requirements change. Patients receiving artificial nutritional support will start eating normally as soon as they can. Education: May also suggest having a healthier, more balanced diet eating “fortified” foods that contain extra nutrients snacking between meals having drinks that contain lots of calories getting home supermarket deliveries, meals on wheels program, soup kitchens If these measures aren’t enough, taking extra nutrients in the form of supplements may be needed. Follow up in 2 weeks. References: National Health Services (2017) Malnutrition. Retrieved from www.wnhs.uk.org Nordqvist, C., (2017) Malnutrition: What you need to know. Medical News Today.
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