06 Dec Journal of Sociology and Social Work June 2017, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 38-53
Journal of Sociology and Social Work June 2017, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 38-53
ISSN: 2333-5807 (Print), 2333-5815 (Online) Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved.
Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development DOI: 10.15640/jssw.v5n1a5
URL: https://doi.org/10.15640/jssw.v5n1a5
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Using an African American Lens to Explore the Intersection of Race, Gender, and
Intimate Partner Violence
Courtney Washington, MSW & Fred Buttell, PhD
School of Social Work Tulane University
United States
Clare Cannon, PhD Department of Human Ecology University of California, Davis
United States Abstract
The purpose of this study was to apply Critical Race Theory to investigate whether differences exist between African American women and Caucasian women on constructs measuring conflict negotiation and parenting attitudes for female perpetrators of intimate partner violence. Using the lens of critical race theory, we hypothesize that there are statistically significant differences between African American women and Caucasian women for indicators of parenting attitudes (measured by the AAPI-2) and intimate partner negotiation (measured by the CTS-2). The study employed a non-equivalent, control-group design and involved secondary data analysis. Data on 133 women was collected by a batterer intervention program in a metropolitan area in the Southeastern U.S. Binary logistic regression suggests that(1) the women in this sample who were more likely to score high on the CTS-2 physical scale were more likely to belong to the African American cohort; and (2) those women who scored in the high risk parenting category were also more likely to fall in the African American cohort. Findings indicate that critical race theory is a useful theoretical framework for understanding macro conditions in which women perpetrate IPV.
Keywords: critical race theory, intimate partner violence, female perpetrators, batterer intervention
1. Introduction
According to the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NIPSVS), 50% of women and 20% of men in the U.S. experience violence victimization other than rape over the course of their life. This victimization, in turn, leads to 27% of women and 12% of men who are victimized to experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among other short-term and long-term negative health consequences (CDC, 2014). These victims have perpetrators who are often mandated to treatment or seek out treatment to address their use of violence in their intimate relationships. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious social problem and, to combat it, batterer intervention programs (BIPs) have become the most prevalent treatment mechanism for perpetrators after a criminal domestic violence plea or conviction (Carney and Buttell, 2006; Price and Rosenbaum, 2009). However, only recently, has a growing body of literature begun to investigate the motivations, experiences, and treatment of female perpetrators (e.g., see White and Dutton, 2013;Follingstad et al., 1991; Archer, 2000; Williams, Ghandour, & Kub, 2008; Desmarais, Reeves, Nichools, Telford, & Fiebert, 2012). Relatedly, many scholars argue that the majority of IPV is bi-directional (see for an extensive overview Langhinrichsen-Rohling et al., 2012).
Using an African American Lens to Explore the Intersection of Race, Gender, and Intimate Partner Violence
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Specifically, recent scholarship on parenting and IPV has investigated how the relationship among parenting attitudes, race, and BIP program completion translates into actual parenting behaviors(e.g, Burnette, Ferreira, & Buttell, 2015; Ferreira, Lauve-Moon, and Cannon, 2015; Valentino et al., 2012). Lastly, some scholarship has shown that African Am
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